Saturday, August 11, 2012

Self-Reflection: Dracula Essay

I guess this will be my usual routine for the next seven weeks: since the essay-writing is my least favorite part of this course, I will just pound out the essay on Friday night or Saturday morning just to get it over with. Then I can get on with the task of reading, researching and learning things about these marvelous books! I've always found the folklore of mirrors to be something really fascinating. So here is my dutiful essay about mirrors in Dracula, and after posting this I will give myself the treat of prowling around in some old folklore books at Google Books to see what other nifty things I can find about mirrors in folklore. :-)




Self-Reflection

In Through the Looking Glass, Alice became her own mirror self. Count Dracula, however, has no mirror self. Early on, Harker notes the lack of mirrors in the Count's home; later, he sees that the Count casts no reflection in his shaving mirror. The Count understands the danger posed by the mirror's revelation. He grabs the mirror and smashes it, calling it a "foul bauble of man's vanity." But do we look in the mirror only out of vanity? No, for Lucy has looked in the mirror to learn how to read herself, as she writes to Mina, "Do you ever try to read your own face? I do, and I can tell you it is not a bad study." Poor Mina will have her own mirror crisis; looking into a mirror, she sees the foul "red mark" on her forehead and "knew that [she] was still unclean." The Count, however, can never know himself in this way; he cannot read his own face because he can never see it reflected back to himself: he can't see himself as others see him.

Just as Stoker denies the Count a mirror image, he denies him a place in the documents that mirror for us the events of the novel. We have the words of the Count recorded by others, but the Count is never reflected in the mirror of a diary. This absence makes the Count strange to us, and also strange to himself. That makes me wonder what would have happened if Seward had tried to record the Count on the phonograph. I imagine that just as the Count's face cannot be seen in a mirror, his voice could not be recorded by a machine. Just a guess, though: what a fascinating experiment that would have been for Seward and Van Helsing to conduct in the name of vampire science!

Thursday, August 9, 2012

Serious Communication Problems

So, in addition to more idealistic posts about student projects and creativity, I also feel obliged to comment on the practical nitty-gritty of the course. The communication problems at this course are getting worse, not better; I am really disappointed to see Coursera not doing a good job here with something that is so easy to do well, and which can make a big difference to the experience of students in the class. (This is a follow-up to a previous post on communication here.)

As soon as the Week 2 essays were made available on Tuesday for evaluation, people started reporting serious problems with plagiarism. Apparently there had been some plagiarism in Week 1 (I had not heard about that, and I did not see it in the essays I read), but there seems to be a really significant amount of plagiarism this week - there are lengthy discussions at the discussion boards, for example, with many people remarking that they had clearly plagiarized material. I encountered plagiarism on the eighth essay that I was reading and evaluating. Aside from the fact that it is so incredibly depressing that people would plagiarize in a course like this, there is the practical problem: what are we supposed to do about this? There is no way to flag an essay as "inappropriate" for the Coursera staff to review, and we cannot even give an essay a score of zero. Instead, we are forced to give the essay a 1-1 score and it just goes back into the pot with all the other essays. In addition to the plagiarized essays that are inappropriate, other kinds of inappropriate assignments have also turned up: some students apparently turned in Grimm essays this week out of sheer confusion, along with some blank essays probably because of a technical problem - and one person let me know that he got SPAM in an essay, which I thought was both sad and hilarious (someone was promoting a novel, pasting a book review into the essay and including a link to the online bookstore where the book could be purchased!). We have no way to handle that within our current peer feedback system, and it is a source of real frustration to people who are putting a lot of good will and effort into the peer feedback system - good will and effort that Coursera really cannot afford to squander, in my opinion.

But has there been any communication about this from the Coursera staff? Even just something to let us know they hear us and are trying to figure out what to do? Nothing. By contrast, in the Internet History course, where apparently the same plagiarism problem came up this week also, a detailed email went out promptly to the students, identifying the problem, providing guidelines for how to respond, etc. A friend of mine in that class shared the email with me, and I was impressed. I expected we would get a similar email in this class, but so far we have not gotten anything.

Instead, we continue to have only an incorrect and outdated message on the homepage for the class which everyone sees when they log on to the course. The message says: "You may now submit your second assignment for the course. We appreciate your patience." (see below). Well, that is not correct at all - they put that message up when they were late releasing the new assignment last Thursday, but the deadline for that assignment was on Tuesday; we cannot submit our second assignment now, and the deadline for submitting peer feedback on the assignment is fast approaching. At a minimum, we should see an announcement that pertains to the current assignment on the homepage. More importantly, we should see an announcement about a pressing problem that is roiling the discussion boards: what are we supposed to do if we are given an inappropriate essay to grade?

There are other serious issues, too. For example, the Week 2 videos do not have the transcripts/captions needed by deaf and hard-of-hearing students, and which are also very useful to other students too (ESL students, people in a hurry who prefer to read rather than watch, etc.). One of the videos was released last Thursday and we were supposed to watch it before reading the Lewis Carroll books. The students started asking for the transcript of that video on Thursday (one week ago); no response from Coursera. The assignment deadline came and went and they were still not able to access the video. Then the second batch of videos went up on Tuesday, with yet more students asking for the transcripts (via the discussion boards, sending email to the Coursera Support Center, sending email to a special email address for accessibility issues) ... but to no avail. I don't mind that for some reason Coursera is slow with the transcripts/captions (although that is not good). The problem is that nowhere has Coursera acknowledged that they are working on this important problem to get us a solution soon.

The homepage prominently features an "announcements" area for Coursera to use in keeping us informed. I cannot for the life of me figure out why Coursera is not taking advantage of this channel for communication. Not good.

Tuesday, August 7, 2012

Goals, Persistence, and Projects: The Value of Making Things

I'm starting to worry that the pace at which I can record some ideas here about the MOOC is not going to be fast enough - argh! Quick note re: content: I am enjoying Dracula so much, far more than I imagined. About the class set-up, I wanted to jot down a few notes here about class projects, and the lack thereof in this class (it's a follow-up to my concerns about the exclusive reliance on essay-writing for the class). The reason I wanted to do this now is because yesterday and today I am working on the archives of students projects in the classes I teach; here are the archives for Myth-Folklore and for Indian Epics. At the beginning of each semester, I add links to the previous semester's projects to the list, and I also look to see which projects can be used to help students explore possibilities of both form and content. Yesterday, I worked on form, updating the reference pages for the various Storytelling Styles and Strategies people have used in their projects, and my big task for today is updating the specific topics pages for each class so that students this semester, as they choose their topics, can explore the ways students have approached those topics in past semesters.

The point I wanted to make here is just how incredibly valuable the project experience is for the students in terms of their persistence in the class and what they take away from the class at the end, and also how valuable it is for me as the teacher, since the projects give me an archive full of ideas and inspiration that allow the students in each new semester to hit the ground running right from the first week (one of the first week's assignments is to explore the archive, so that the new students can get ideas for their own projects by seeing what they like and also what they don't like in past projects). Basically, my classes work like the Coursera course in terms of the week-by-week schedule (reading, writing on the week's reading, and reading the writing of other students)... PLUS the project, which is on a topic of the student's choice, and which also has a week-by-week schedule, but one which builds from week to week, culminating in a finished project. Here is the week-by-week schedule for the project. I sure wish we had projects to go with the week-to-week reading and writing in the Coursera course.

From the student evaluations, and also just seeing the effort that the students put into the projects, I know that for the large majority of students the project is the most important learning experience they have in the class. By choosing their own project topic, they make a personal commitment to it, based on their own motivations and interest (there are two weeks of brainstorming assignments to help them choose a topic and develop a plan for the project). By sharing the project with others in the class, they take responsibility for their work; the person-to-person peer interaction provides a motivation to do well - quite a few students who might not care one way or the other about the quality of the work they turn in to the instructor (esp. students who are taking the class just to graduate) are very highly motivated to impress their peers. By working on the project all semester long, with detailed weekly feedback from me along with lots of peer feedback, the students have a chance to revise and improve their work, so that they can end up with a project they can really be proud of at the end of the semester. That sense of pride is something I really enjoy, too - the students are proud of their work, and so am I. In the evaluations, some students refer to the weekly readings and weekly blogs as a feature of the class that they enjoyed - but a far greater number of students spontaneously mention the project as their favorite part of the class.

As a teacher, I also really appreciate the sheer variety of the project topics and the approaches that the students choose. It means that every semester is new and different, and that makes my job a fun and exciting one. I never know just what projects I will be spending my time on in any given semester, but in the ten years I have been teaching these project-oriented classes, I have never had a dull semester. I spend around 30 hours per week every week giving students feedback on the projects; that is my main task as the teacher of the class. It is something I really enjoy: for someone like me, who loves stories, the idea that I could be paid to read and reply to around one hundred stories every week is just amazing, and the variety of the stories that I get to read keeps me going week after week. The students also enjoy the variety of stories and styles that they see when they read the other students' projects; we don't all think alike or share the same interests, and the array of projects in each class in each semester provides ample proof of that wonderful fact.

So, the absence of anything like a semester-long project in the Coursera class is a real drawback for me. Just as a student in the class, I would have a lot more motivation if I felt like I was building something week by week, making something with lasting value. I would far prefer that to just jumping into the essay wheel and running around like a hamster, doing the same thing week after week, knowing that my writing is just going into the virtual trashcan week after week. Of course, to cover the content of the course, there does need to be that week to week dimension of the class - but in my classes, the stories that the students are reading as the course content and the weekly writing that they do for their blogs is meant to be in support of their projects, exposing them to stories and ideas that will enrich their own skills and experience so that they can do a better job with their own projects in turn.

And yes, it does take time. The students consistently note on my class evaluations that they think my classes take up more time than their other classes, and I do in fact expect 6-8 hours of week per work every week. I don't think that's unreasonable, though, since it is an online course with no classroom time at all; that's 6-8 hours per week total (so, if we did have 3 hours per week of class, it would be 3 hours in class and 3-5 hours outside of class - but I love the fact that we don't have classroom time; all the class time is based on work put forth by the students, rather than just sitting-in-class time). Yet many students are so overcommitted in terms of school, work and family that they don't have 30-40 hours per week to spend on school, even if they are enrolled as full-time students.

When I look at the Coursera course description, though, it says: 8-12 hours per week! Now, I'm quite sure that almost no student is going to invest that much time in this class... but if there is some thought that students are going to spend a significant amount of time on the class, then surely it wold be possible to build in a course project component along with the regular 300-word weekly essay assignment. I actually have lots of ideas about how that could happen - the kinds of projects, how peer feedback could work, etc. ... but I don't have time to write it all out now and, to be honest, it's probably a waste of time for me to do so - since I'm not a professor (I'm just an instructor), and I don't teach at an elite university, ha ha, there's no way I would ever be able to teach a Coursera class. So, I'll spend my time instead prepping for my classes and all the things I need to do to help the students with their projects in those classes. But I sure do wish there were some kind of project-oriented approach in the Coursera course I am taking. Just speaking as a student in the class, it sure would be a huge motivator for me! Reading is great... but I think MAKING THINGS is even better. :-)

Sunday, August 5, 2012

The Lion and the Unicorn: An Aesop's Fable from Medieval England

Someone in class wrote up a wonderfully detailed and informative blog post about the story of the Lion and the Unicorn as told in Through the Looking-Glass. There's all kinds of information and illustrations, too, showing how Tenniel modeled his own drawing for the scene on Disraeli (the unicorn) and Gladstone (the lion) - here is a link to her blog post: A Little Background on the Lion and the Unicorn.

I thought I would contribute something from way out in left field - a very obscure (and I mean very very very obscure) Aesop's fable about the lion and the unicorn. As far as I know it is recorded in only one written source, the fables collected by John Sheppey, Bishop of Rochester, in the 14th century (he could have gotten it from a more complete version of the 13th-century fabulist Odo of Cheriton than what we have now - but, if so, that version by Odo is lost and all we have is what is recorded by John). Anyway, here is the story; the Latin is down below and I've included an English translation here. It's part of a project I did two years ago, Mille Fabulae et Una: 1001 Aesop's Fables in Latin. (The Latin text has been slightly abbreviated, since I limited each fable in the book to 125 words or fewer.)

The Lion and the Unicorn. The lion pretended to be sick and, limping, he went up to the unicorn, his chief enemy, and greeted him. Then he said, "Whatever has taken place between us up until now, let it be forgotten, because I will not be able to do anyone any harm ever again, as you can see, since I am old and suffering from all kinds of infirmities. But before I die I greatly desire to speak once more with my wife, who is away in the desert, and I would ask you to loan me your horn, if you would be so kind, so that I could use it as a crutch on my journey, because your horn is quite long and strong. I will send it back to you as soon as I reach my wife, and on that I give you my word." The unicorn believed everything the lion said and felt sorry for his suffering, feigned though it was, so he gave the lion his horn, leaving himself defenseless. The lion then advanced on the unicorn and sprang; seriously wounding the unicorn with his own horn, he thus defeated him.

Leo et Unicornis
. Leo, fingens se infirmum, obviavit, claudicans, unicorni, adversario suo capitali et salutato eo dixit, “Qualitercumque actum fuerit inter nos hactenus, remittatur hinc inde, quod ego ulterius nulli nocere potero, prout vides, senio et variis incommodis debilitatus. Sed multum affectarem semel loqui cum coniuge mea, quae est in deserto, ante meam mortem et peterem a te ut accommodare mihi velis cornu tuum pro podio habendo in itinere, quia satis longum et forte est. Tibi remittam illud quam cito ad coniugem pervenero, et ad hoc tibi do fidem meam.” Unicornis vero, dictis eius omnibus credens et ipsius confictae miseriae compatiens, commodavit cornu suum et sic remansit inermis. Leo vero, modicum progrediens, fecit insultum in unicornem et, proprio cornu graviter vulnerans, devicit eum. 





Image Source: Wikipedia. This is the lion and the unicorn as shown on the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom.