Showing posts with label Grimm. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Grimm. Show all posts

Saturday, August 18, 2012

Mirror, Mirror on the Wall

As I've mentioned previously, I was hoping to find a common theme to use to make my mini-essays for the class into a coherent piece of writing, using each essay to explore the theme from a different angle. With the first week and the Brothers Grimm, I was really taken by the proof-tokens in Cinderella and The Robber Bridegroom, so I wrote my essay about that, thinking that I would like a "proofs of identity" as my general theme. It's a topic that is of long-standing interest for me and one that I could feel confident I would find cropping up in every book for the class; basically, it's a social and literary conundrum that crops up everywhere. Over the past few weeks, though, I've been zooming in on something more specific: the use of the mirror as a proof of identity, as well as the mirror as a deception and the mirror as a gateway. Literal mirrors, and metaphorical mirrors. Once I realized that I would be going in this direction, my Grimm essay really did not fit properly, so I decided to write a new Grimm essay today, one that will fit more nicely into the evolving collection of essays. So, here is that new essay:

Mirror, Mirror on the Wall

The Crane edition of Grimm contains only two stories about mirrors, but they are a perfect pair that illustrate the mirror's opposite functions: the reflecting mirror whose images appear real but are not, and the scrying mirror that instead reveals otherwise invisible truths.

In The Little Farmer, the mirror is deceptive, presenting an image that is alluring but unreal. The result in this story is fatal: the Little Farmer tricks the other farmers into drowning themselves by telling them they can gather up a herd of sheep from the bottom of the lake - sheep that were only clouds reflected in the mirror of the water.

In Snow-White, on the other hand, the mirror is a source of truth. This mirror does not just reflect the surface of things; instead, it is a "magic looking-glass," a device for scrying the truth. The evil queen knows that "the looking-glass spoke the truth," and so it did, giving the queen all the information she needed to monitor Snow-White at a distance. Things end badly for the queen, but it is not because she was fooled by an illusion in the mirror; instead, she was undone by Snow-White's own good luck.

In another Grimm story (not included in Crane), there is a truth-telling mirror in the possession of a good princess, rather than a wicked queen. The heroine of the The Crystal Ball has been cursed with an ugly appearance, but she has a truth-telling mirror that reveals her inner beauty, as she explains to the story's hero: "That thou mayst know what I am like, look in the mirror; it does not let itself be misled: it will show thee my image as it is in truth."

So, there are mirrors that lie, as well as mirrors that tell the truth. As for mirrors that provide a portal into another world, we must wait for Alice and her looking-glass to show us the way!

Works Cited:

Crane, Lucy (translator). Household Stories by the Brothers Grimm, with illustrations by Walter Crane (1886). The illustrations on this page also come from this book. Online edition at Project Gutenberg.

Hunt, Margaret (translator). Household Tales (1884). Online edition at Sur La Lune Fairy Tales.

Friday, July 27, 2012

Week 1: Grimm Story Retold - The Robber Bridegroom

As I mentioned in a previous post, writing essays is not my favorite thing to do... but I love to make up stories. In the classes I teach, the students write their own versions of traditional myths and legends and I enjoy their stories so much (here are some past projects). For this class, I am going to make my own stories (provided I can find the time!), just as my students do - and I have given myself 1000 words as a maximum limit, the same as the limit for the stories in my own classes. For Grimm, I knew I wanted to do my own version of The Robber Bridegroom (here are my thoughts on that story), telling something about the backstory of that mysterious old woman. Who is she exactly? I think my answer to that question does not contradict what the Brothers Grimm tell us in their story... but it may also come as a surprise! Here is my story:

The woman had waited a very long time, not sure if the day would ever come… but it had. She heard the bird croaking its useless warning - "Turn back, turn back, thou pretty bride" - and when she climbed up the cellar stairs and saw the visitor in the doorway, illuminated by the light of the setting sun, she knew: it was her own daughter, now fully grown. The robber had taunted her for years with this threat: "If you don't serve me well, wench, I will go have my way with your daughter. She must be getting all grown up by now," he would say. The woman had been a servant - no, a slave - to this band of robbers ever since that day, long ago, when they had abducted her from the cow pasture. She had told her husband to watch the baby when she went to fetch the cow home, and that was the last time she had seen them. The years had passed, and the chief of the robbers had never ceased making threats about her daughter - and oh, how many times had she regretted ever having let the truth slip from her lips, that fatal mistake she had made when they dragged her away and she had begged the robbers to let her go home to her husband and her poor little girl.

But now, she saw that little girl, all grown up, standing on the threshold. So many thoughts and feelings welled up inside her, but she kept calm and betrayed no emotion on her face. Most of all, she fought down the panic and despair at her own bad luck: if it were morning or even afternoon, they could have made their escape, but it was sundown, and the robbers would already be on their way home, carrying their latest victim with them along the path of ashes, the only safe way to reach the house through the darkness of the woods. Yes, it was too late to just make a break for it. They would have to wait until the robbers were asleep before running away, and there was not even enough time to tell this poor girl what was happening. "Listen to me, girl," she said urgently. "This is a den of robbers. You thought you would find your husband here, but you will find only your death unless you do exactly as I tell you. When the robbers finally go to sleep tonight, you and I will run away together but now you must hide behind this cask" - she was already rushing the girl down the stairs to the cellar - "and not make a sound no matter what you see, no matter what you hear. Do you understand? Not a sound."

And just as she uttered these last words, the robbers came bursting through the door, laughing and shouting, as they made their way down into the cellar for their grisly night's work. The less said about that, the better. They had brought home another girl, she was a red-head this time the woman noticed, but it was better not to notice. They killed the poor girl and cut her up and then started making a fuss about where her ring finger had gone. The woman was sure one of the robbers had pocketed the ring finger and the ring upon it; no matter, the main thing was just to get them to leave off arguing and sit down to supper. Finally she got them to come to the table and eat… and before she poured the wine, she put a sleeping draught into it, making sure the murderers would sleep even more deeply than usual.

She then rushed to the cask and found her daughter curled up there, shivering with fear and horror. She patted the girl gently on the shoulder but dared not make any sound, and pulled her along up the stairs and out of the house. As they stood there in the moonlight, the woman saw an amazing sight: the path was illuminated by a gentle green glow, something the woman had never seen before. The girl gasped and smiled a tiny smile. "It's the peas and lentils," she said. "I scattered them as I came here and look, they have sprouted! It's beautiful, isn't it?" As the girl turned to look the woman in the face, she saw that the woman was crying. Being a tender-hearted girl, she tried to embrace the woman and comfort her, but the woman pushed her away and said, "No time for that now, no time. We must run for our lives!"

And so they ran and ran along the path through the woods that glowed in the moonlight. The woman thought with every step: what would she say? what would she do? Was this a dream? Had it all been a dream? Was this really her daughter here beside her? "Morning will tell," she thought to herself. "I will see what the morning brings."

And so, just at dawn, they reached the mill stream and the woman saw the familiar house. She fell to her knees, exhausted and weeping. The girl was concerned, and bent down … and at last the woman embraced her and sobbed, "My daughter, my daughter." And the miller came running out from the house, worried sick about where his daughter had been all night - and there she was, his daughter… and his wife. They wept, they laughed, and wept again. And when they could weep and laugh no more, they went into the house and recounted all that had happened. Then, to the horror and surprise of her mother and father, the girl reached into her pocked and pulled out the finger of the dead girl, with the golden ring upon it. "Don't worry, my dear mother and father. We will destroy this robber, we will destroy him forever."

To find out how that happened, you will need to read the old story for yourself.



Image source: Dark woods by Mathias Erhart at Flickr.

Thursday, July 26, 2012

Week 1: Grimm Essay - The Golden Token of Proof

Since I had gotten all excited about maybe writing a short story for the assignment, I was definitely bummed that the assignment states very explicity, "write an essay..." - oh well! Since I am not a big fan of essay-writing, I decided just to get it out of the way. I did like the challenge of getting it down to under 320 words; for sure my little essay improved as a result of that (see below). I'm fascinated by questions of identity, proof of identity, doubles, disguises, etc. So I figured I would write an "identity" essay for each of these essay assignments. People reading them won't see the interplay and development of ideas from essay to essay, but it will make it more meaningful for me - and the theme of identity is ALL OVER THE PLACE in the books we are reading for this class. Plus, that will give me a focus for my reading too, looking for identity motifs.

And now that this not-so-fun task is out of the way, I can spend some more time enjoying the Brothers Grimm and go ahead and write my story just to satisfy myself. For example, I really REALLY enjoyed myself telling my own version of the Robber Bridegroom! Meanwhile, I'm curious what this whole peer response thing will be like. These little essays are so short, I would actually be glad (and curious) to read more than just four of them! :-)

~

Proof: how do you prove who you are, or prove what you saw? In the world of Grimm, you might need a golden proof token, magical or realistic; both kinds of tokens are powerful. For a magical token, consider the golden slipper which allows the prince to recognize his Aschenputtel. The slipper is not just the right size (plenty of women could have the same shoe size as our heroine); instead, the shoe mysteriously bestows identity on Cinderella, making her recognizable to the prince. The prince did not know her at first, but after she puts on the slipper, "the prince looked in her face, he knew again the beautiful maiden that had danced with him, and he cried, 'This is the right bride!'" It makes sense that in a story filled with magic, the identity token would have a magical quality; this is not your usual shoe. In a more realistic story, "The Robber Bridegroom," we find instead a realistic (and gruesome) golden token. The nameless heroine can dramatically prove that the story she has told is not a dream at all but the real truth because she possesses the real finger of the murdered woman, a finger bearing a golden ring. This golden token allows the wedding party to recognize the robber bridegroom for what he truly is - a murderer: "The robber, who during the story had grown deadly white, sprang up, and would have escaped, but the folks held him fast, and delivered him up to justice." In both fairy tales, justice is done, thanks to the proof provided by the magical token of a golden shoe or the horrifying but realistic token of a golden ring on a dead woman's finger. So, the next time you show your driver's license to a TSA agent, just be glad you don't have to meet the Grimm gold standard to prove who you are!

~

Robber Bridegroom: I love this story!!!

Another one of my favorite tale types that shows up here in the Crane book of Grimm stories is The Robber Bridegroom (the version I know best of this story is the English Mister Fox, since we read that in the class I teach; if I have time this morning I'll write up a separate post about that). The plot itself is incredibly dramatic, of course - the woman who faces what seems like certain death but who manages to escape (with the help of another woman in this version!), and who is able not only to save her life but to bring about the destruction of her enemy in the end. Fabulous! It's a very memorable story where the plot is very well-motivated in terms of emotions, something you could call "realistic" (in comparison to the more fantastical Grimm stories), something you could imagine easily in a modern version as well... but the element of dream fantasy enters into this story in a brilliant way; that's one of the things I love about it. So, here's a list below of the elements of this story in this particular version that really stick with me:

But the girl did not seem to love him as a bride should love her bridegroom; she had no confidence in him; as often as she saw him or thought about him, she felt a chill at her heart. I really like the psychological development of the bride; she is clearly someone we sympathize with and we take her concerns seriously. I like her!

Suddenly she heard a voice cry, "Turn back, turn back, thou pretty bride, Within this house thou must not bide, For here do evil things betide." This might seem to be the most unrealistic element in the story, but I really like the idea that this could just be a talking bird, delivering its message a bit like an automaton - not understanding what it is saying, but nevertheless striking fear into the heart of the woman who hears the words.

You thought you were a bride, and soon to be married, but death will be your spouse. Fantastic! This old woman is not an automaton just parroting words; she speaks words full of feeling, and this encounter is intense! Like the bride, she is a very sympathetic character to me, albeit eerie and weird. What is HER story? If I were going to tell my own version of this folktale, I would imagine some kind of backstory for this old woman, a tale about how she came to be the servant of these evil men and just why she has chosen this woman in particular to partner with in making her escape.

They gave her wine to drink, three glasses full, one of white wine, one of red, and one of yellow, and then they cut her in pieces. What a gruesome way to use the one-two-three motif that is so characteristic of European fairy tales. Ouch!!! This element of the three colors of wine will show up when the bride retells the story in her own words, as a dream, later too!

Come to supper, and leave off looking till to-morrow; the finger cannot run away. IRONY! Love it! This is one of my favorite lines in the whole story because, of course, the finger can run away… if it is being carried by a living person.

The peas and lentils had budded and sprung up, and the moonshine upon them showed the way. GORGEOUS. In terms of visual motifs, this is my favorite moment in the story - it's beautiful and suggestive as well as being a practical element in the women's escape.

I will tell you my dream. YES: THE DREAM. To me, this is what makes the Grimm version of this story my favorite of all the different versions. I already see stories like these as being dream-like, and so of course I love the idea of invoking the dream mode itself within the story, using it as a way to introduce the truth by means of life-saving subterfuge. Amazing! Whatever storyteller first figured out that the woman should tell her experiences as if they were a dream gets the gold star from me! Excellent!

Sweetheart, the dream is not ended. And it's true: the dream/nightmare has NOT ended in more ways than one; until the robber bridegroom is defeated, the terrible dream world might yet come alive again.

And here is the finger with the ring! THE TOKEN REVEALED: I just love this! It's the macabre and murderous opposite of Cinderella's slipper - the token of death and hate rather than of love and happiness, and the token that will bring about justice in the end.

Man, I love this story… Maybe I will write my essay on dream motifs and/or identity tokens. Gosh, there is so much I love about these types of folktales that I will probably just have to let my Magic 8-Ball decide for me what topic to write on. :-)

Wednesday, July 25, 2012

Hans in Luck and Wonderfully Wise Fools

I really enjoyed the Hans in Luck discussion in this thread at the course site; someone made a comparison between Hans and Mr. Bean, which delighted me enormously (I love the film Mr. Bean's Holiday!). That wide-ranging discussion about wise fools (and related matters) made me remember two posts I had written for Randy Hoyt's Journey to the Sea online mythology journal, so I thought I would link to them here.

I remember that I really REALLY enjoyed writing the piece about Aesop, Diogenes and Rumi. So many people know about Diogenes and his lamp but the meaning of that story has really changed over time... not to mention that we don't really understand the term "burning daylight" in our electrical modern world! :-)

(Diogenes, by Tischbein)

Brothers Grimm illustrated by Ubbelohde

Well, frustrating as the Coursera discussion boards may be, my time spent there this morning was amply rewarded: I am SO GRATEFUL to Ulrich (check out his blog: Krautblog) for pointing out an edition that is beautifully illustrated with line drawings by Otto Ubbelohde (1867–1922), which is available as a Kindle book for just $3.99: Grimms' Fairy Tales (illustrated by Otto Ubbelohde) [Kindle Edition]. Over 400 drawings! Wow! Reading Kindle books on my iPad is a favorite way for me to relax... I am so going to enjoy revisiting the tales with these delightful illustrations.

Here is an illustration for Hans the Hedgehog, one of my all-time favorite Grimm stories but not on in the Crane book we are using for class:

Brothers Grimm Wordle

Although the discussion boards just seem maddeningly clunky to me, I'm trying to find a few every day to participate in - and one I found this morning was about doing text analysis of the Brothers Grimm, which is a cool idea, and that is a feasible strategy for so many texts in this course, since they are available in digitized versions! Anyway, that inspired me to make a Wordle of the Brothers Grimm book we are reading, and the results show visibly just how simple and basic the storytelling vocabulary is! Click here for larger view.

Hans in Luck: The Nasruddin of Brothers Grimm?

I won't have time to write up every story we are reading from Brothers Grimm like this, but I am picking out my favorites to comment here on the blog, and the story Hans in Luck is definitely one of my favorites - is Hans a fool? or a wise fool? That is the question! Plus, I would argue that it is an impossible question to answer, just as it is impossible to say whether Nasruddin is the village idiot or a Sufi master. In case people are not familiar with Nasruddin (OH I LOVE NASRUDDIN), here is one of my favorite Nasruddin stories:
A friend came to visit Nasruddin and saw him crawling around on the ground outside his house. The friend asked, "What are you doing?" Nasruddin replied, "I am looking for a valuable coin that I lost!" The friend got down on the ground and started looking for the coin also, wanting to help his friend. After some time, he asked Nasruddin, "Where exactly did you drop the coin?" Nasruddin answered, "I dropped it somewhere in the house." "IN THE HOUSE?" cried the friend. He was angry because they were crawling around on the ground looking for the coin in the yard. "Why don't you look for it in the house?" Nasruddin replied, "It's too dark in the house. I need the light to see."
So, what say you? Is Nasruddin a fool? Or a wise fool, who understands something much deeper - that regardless of where he lost the coin, the light is what matters... that it is enlightenment itself, not material possessions, which should be the object of our search? The joke works both ways, and I think the same is true of Hans - think about the last part of the story (here's the whole story):
[...] he placed the stones carefully by his side at the edge of the well; then he sat down, and as he stooped to drink, he happened to give the stones a little push, and they both fell into the water with a splash. And then Hans, having watched them disappear, jumped for joy, and thanked his stars that he had been so lucky as to get rid of the stones that had weighed upon him so long without any effort of his own. "I really think," cried he, "I am the luckiest man under the sun." So on he went, void of care, until he reached his mother's house.
Hans, freed of his burden. Nasruddin, searching in the light. Or are they village idiots the both of them? LOVE IT. No one can answer that question for you: only you can answer it for yourself. :-)

Monday, July 23, 2012

The Death of the Hen

Oh, I love stories like The Death of the Hen... HILARIOUS - and so easy to improvise endlessly, imagining all kinds of animals and inanimate objects who could play their part. Plus Crane's illustrations are brilliant - just look at the poor dead hen's chicken feet sticking up out of her burial mound. Ha!

So the cock was left all alone with the dead hen, and he digged a grave and laid her in it, and he raised a mound above her, and sat himself down and lamented so sore that at last he died. And so they were all dead together.

Clever Grethel: Cutting Off Ears... or Worse!

Dan Ashliman's website has this BRILLIANT story from 1001 Nights which is a parallel to the Grimm Brothers story about Clever Grethel but oh-so-risque by comparison! It starts out with a married woman whose LOVER wants to have the geese to eat - One day the lover saw the geese and felt his appetite tempted by them, so he asked if his mistress would not cook them for him. The woman is glad to have the chance to dupe her husband, and tells her lover, "Light of my eyes, I promise that my bastard of a husband shall not have a taste of them." So, she cooks the geese, gives them to her lover and then proceeds to trick her husband and his guest. She tells the guest that her husband plans to castrate him! As Allah lives, my husband is offended with you and has laid a snare for you to cut off your testicles and to reduce you to the sorry condition of a eunuch. The guest, of course, runs away - and the story ends just as the version in Brothers Grimm, where the husband runs after him shouting that he will take just one... meaning one goose, but the guest thinks he means just one of his "eggs." HA!

Here is Walter Crane's illustration for the Grimm story:

Grimm: The Rabbit's Bride

I am so glad the Lucy Crane Grimm starts out with such a weird and unfamiliar story - The Rabbit's Bride! With such brilliant illustrations by Walter Crane also (see above and below; I love the animals wearing spectacles so that they can read!). My favorite is the part where the bride, after running away from her rabbit husband, fools him with a doll as her double: Then she made a figure of straw, and dressed it in her own clothes, and gave it a red mouth, and set it to watch the kettle of bran, and then she went home to her mother. Back again came the rabbit, saying, "Get up! get up!" and he went up and hit the straw figure on the head, so that it tumbled down. And the rabbit thought that he had killed his bride, and he went away and was very sad. Given that I am quite OBSESSED with doubles in literature, it seems a good omen to have the first story in the first book for the course feature a double like this.

For what it is worth, in Dan Ashliman's translation, the rabbit realizes that he has been tricked by the double: The hare came once more and said, "Open the door! Open the door!" Then he opened the door himself and struck the doll on the head so that its cap fell off. Then the hare saw that this was not his bride, and he sadly went away.

Ashliman presents the Indian story of The Tiger's Bride, and it has a different kind of "trick" to fool the animal husband - a rather gruesome one! Then the tiger told her to set to work and cook a feast while he went off and invited his friends to come and share it. But the bride when left alone caught a cat and killed it and hung it over the fire, so that its blood dropped slowly into the pan and made a fizzling noise, as if cooking were going on... EEEEK!

I was surprised to find that Ashliman grouped the Grimm story along with the Indian tiger story under the Tale Type of "How the Devil Married Three Sisters." The rabbit is not the most suitable husband... but he does not seem in the diabolic tradition - at least the tiger is carnivorous. :-)

UPDATE: Nice discussion at Google+ about this post: thanks, everybody! :-)

Monday, June 18, 2012

Brothers Grimm (Audible.com)

I've been listening to an audiobook from Audible.com which contains the tales of the Brothers Grimm in the Margaret Hunt translation; the reading is by Kelly Lintz. The reader is very lively, which is good, but her accents are just all over the place and while I appreciate the variety of voices she uses, some of her "funny voices" actually distract from the story itself. Overall, I am glad to be listening to the recording - but I would rate it as just average.

Meanwhile, there is a selection of Grimm tales with various readers at LibriVox, with 62 stories from the Taylor/Edwardes translation. (Meanwhile, there are also LibriVox recordings of the tales in German!)

Thursday, June 14, 2012

Brothers Grimm (Crane translation)

The recommended book for Brothers Grimm is the Lucy Crane translation... with illustrations by Walter Crane (one of my favorite illustrators of all time!). The book is at Gutenberg - and here is a lit of the stories it contains. I've added links to the Margaret Hunt translation, along with the German title (via William Barker's website), plus links to the Tale Types included at Dan Ashliman's website, along with links to any relevant Annotated Fairy Tales at Heidi Anne Heiner's site.

The Rabbit's Bride - I blogged about this story here.
66 / The Hare's Bride (Häsichenbraut)
*** Type 311, The Heroine Rescues Herself and Her Sisters

Six Soldiers of Fortune.
70 / The Three Children of Fortune (Die drei Glückskinder)
type 1650, Three Brothers Inherit a Rooster, a Scythe, and a Cat. Includes episodes of types 1202, Harvesting Grain with a Cannon; 1651, Dick Whittington and His Cat; and 1281, Burning the Barn to Destroy an Unknown Animal

Clever Grethel - I blogged about this story here.
77 / Clever Grethel (Das kluge Gretel)
*** Type 1741, The Guest Flees to Save His Ears

The Death of the Hen - I blogged about this story here.
80 / The Death of the Little Hen (Von dem Tode des Hühnchens)
type 2021. Includes an episode of type 2021A The Cock Seeks Help for the Choking Hen

Hans in Luck.
83 / Hans in Luck (Hans im Glück)
*** Type 1415, Trading Away One's Fortune

The Goose Girl.
89 / The Goose-Girl (Die Gänsemagd)
type 533
The Annotated Goose Girl

The Raven.
93 / The Raven (Die Rabe)
type 401. The Girl Transformed into an Animal. Includes an episode of type 518, Quarreling Giants Lose Their Magic Objects

The Frog Prince.
1 / The Frog King, or Iron Henry (Der Froschkönig oder der eiserne Heinrich)
*** Type 440, Frog Kings
The Annotated Frog King

Cat and Mouse in Partnership.
2 / Cat and Mouse in Partnership (Katze und Maus in Gesellschaft)
*** Type 15, Stealing the Partner's Butter

The Wolf and the Seven Kids.
5 / The Wolf and the Seven Young Kids (Der Wolf und die sieben jungen Geißlein)
type 123


Faithful John.
6 / Faithful John (Der treue Johannes)
type 516

The Wonderful Musician.
8 / The Strange Musician (Der wunderliche Spielmann)
type 151, Music Lessons for Wild Animals. Cf. type 1159, Catching the Would-Be Musician in a Crack

The Twelve Brothers.
9 / The Twelve Brothers (Die zwölf Brüder)
type 451, The Brothers Who Were Turned into Birds

The Annotated Six Swans

The Vagabonds.
10 / The Pack of Ragamuffins (Das Lumpengesindel)
type 210, The Traveling Animals and the Wicked Man


The Brother and Sister.
11 / Little Brother and Little Sister (Brüderchen und Schwesterchen)
type 450

The Annotated Brother and Sister

Rapunzel.
12 / Rapunzel (Rapunzel)
*** Type 310, The Maiden in the Tower
The Annotated Rapunzel

The Three Little Men in the Wood.
13 / The Three Little Men in the Forest (Die drei Männlein im Walde)
type 403B, The Black and the White Bride. Includes an episode of type 480, The Kind and the Unkind Girls


The Three Spinsters.
14 / The Three Spinning Women (Die drei Spinnerinnen)
type 501


Hansel and Grethel.
15 / Hansel and Gretel (Hänsel und Gretel) Includes an episode of type 1121, Burning the Witch in Her Own Oven.
*** Type 327A, Hansel and Gretel
The Annotated Hansel and Grethel

The White Snake.
17 / The White Snake (Die weiße Schlange)
type 673. Includes an episode of type 554, The Grateful Animals


The Straw, the Coal, and the Bean.
18 / Straw, Coal, and Bean (Strohhalm, Kohle und Bohne)
*** Type 295, Straw, Coal, and Bean

The Fisherman and his Wife.
19 / The Fisherman and His Wife (Von dem Fischer un syner Fru)
*** Type 555, The Fisherman and His Wife
The Annotated Fisherman and HisWife

The Gallant Tailor.
20 / The Brave Little Tailor (Das tapfere Schneiderlein)
type 1640. Includes episodes of type 1060, Squeezing Water from a Stone; type 1062, A Contest in Throwing Stones; type 1052, A Contest in Carrying a Tree; type 1051, Springing with a Bent Tree; type 1115, Attempting to Kill the Hero in His Bed
The Annotated Brave Little Tailor

Aschenputtel.
21 / Cinderella (Aschenputtel)
*** Type 510A, Cinderella
The Annotated Cinderella

The Mouse, the Bird, and the Sausage.
23 / The Mouse, the Bird, and the Sausage (Von dem Mäuschen, Vögelchen und der Bratwurst)
type 85

Mother Hulda.
24 / Frau Holle (Frau Holle)
type 480, The Kind and the Unkind Girls
The Annotated Diamonds and Toads

Little Red-cap.
26 / Little Red-Cap (Rotkäppchen)
*** Type 333, Red Riding Hood
The Annotated Red Riding Hood

The Bremen Town Musicians.
27 / The Bremen Town Musicians (Die Bremer Stadtmusikanten)
*** Type 130, Outcast Animals Find a New Home
The Annotated Bremen Town Musicians

Prudent Hans.
32 / Clever Hans (Der gescheite Hans)
*** Type 1696, What Should I Have Said (or Done)?

Clever Else.
34 / Clever Elsie (Die kluge Else)
type 1450. Ends with an episode of type 1383, A Woman Does Not Know Herself


The Table, the Ass, and the Stick. 3
6 / The Wishing-table, the Gold-ass, and the Cudgel in the Sack (Tischchendeckdich, Goldesel und Knüppel aus dem Sack), introduced by type 212, The Goat That Lied.
*** Type 563, Three Magic Gifts

Tom Thumb.
37 / Thumbling (Daumesdick)
type 700, Tom Thumb. Includes an episode of type 41, Overeating in the Pantry

How Mrs. Fox Married again.
38 / The Wedding of Mrs. Fox (Die Hochzeit der Frau Füchsin)
type 65, Mrs. Fox's Suitors.

The Elves.
39 / The Elves (Die Wichtelmänner) Also categorized as a migratory legend, type 7015. Tale two: type 476*, A Midwife (or Godmother) for the Elves. Also categorized as a migratory legend, type 5070. Tale three: migratory legend, type 5085, The Changeling.
*** Tale one: Type 503, Helpful Elves
The Annotated Elves and the Shoemaker

The Robber Bridegroom.
40 / The Robber Bridegroom (Der Räuberbräutigam)
*** Type 955, The Robber Bridegroom

Mr. Korbes.
41 / Herr Korbes (Herr Korbes)
type 210, The Traveling Animals and the Wicked Man


Tom Thumb's Travels.
45 / Thumbling as Journeyman [Thumbling's Travels] (Daumerlings Wanderschaft)
type 700, Tom Thumb


The Almond Tree.
47 / The Juniper-Tree (Von dem Machandelboom)
*** Type 720, My Mother Killed Me; My Father Ate Me

Old Sultan.
48 / Old Sultan (Der alte Sultan) Concludes with an episode of type 103, Wild Animals Hide from an Unfamiliar Animal, and of type 104, War between the Village Animals and the Forest Animals.
*** Type 101, The Old Dog Rescues the Child

The Six Swans.
49 / The Six Swans (Die sechs Schwäne)
type 451, The Brothers Who Were Turned into Birds

The Annotated Six Swans

The Sleeping Beauty.
50 / Little Briar-Rose (Dornröschen)
*** Type 410, Sleeping Beauty
The Annotated Sleeping Beauty

King Thrushbeard.
52 / King Thrushbeard (König Drosselbart)
*** Type 900, Taming a Shrewish Wife
The Annotated King Thrushbeard

Snow-white.
53 / Little Snow-White (Sneewittchen)
*** Type 709, Snow-White
The Annotated Snow White

The Knapsack.
54 / The Knapsack, the Hat, and the Horn (Der Ranzen, das H¨tlein und das Hörnlein)
type 569


Rumpelstiltskin.
55 / Rumpelstiltskin (Rumpelstilzchen)
*** Type 500, Guessing the Helper's Name
The Annotated Rumpelstiltskin

Roland.
56 / Sweetheart Roland (Der Liebste Roland)
type 1119, Ogres Kill Their Own Children, followed by type 313C, The Girl Helps the Hero Flee; the Forgotten Fiancée

The Golden Bird.
57 / The Golden Bird (Der goldene Vogel)
type 550
The Annotated Firebird

The Dog and the Sparrow.
58 / The Dog and the Sparrow (Der Hund und der Sperling)
type 248, The Man, the Dog, and the Bird


Fred and Kate.
59 / Frederick and Catherine (Der Frieder und das Catherlieschen)
type 1387, A Woman Draws Beer in the Cellar; 1385*, A Woman Loses Her Husband's Money; 1291B, A Fool Greeses the Cracked Earth with Butter; 1291, Sending One Cheese After Another; 1653A, Securing the Door; 1653, The Robbers under the Tree; 1383, A Woman Does Not Know Herself; 1791, Dividing Up the Dead


The Little Farmer.
61 / The Little Peasant (Das Bürle)
type 1535, The Rich Peasant and the Poor Peasant. Includes an episode of type 1737, Trading Places with the Trickster in a Sack. Similar to type 1539, Tricksters and Their Victims


The Queen Bee.
62 / The Queen Bee (Die Bienenkönigin)
type 554, The Grateful Animals


The Golden Goose.
64 / The Golden Goose (Die goldene Gans)
type 571, All Stick Together, plus an episode of type 513B, The Land and Water Ship

The Annotated Golden Goose

NOT INCLUDED IN CRANE:

3 / Our Lady's Child (Marienkind)
4 / The Story of the Youth Who Went Forth to Learn What Fear Was (Märchen von einem, der auszog, das Fürchten zu lernen)

7 / The Good Bargain (Der gute Handel)

16 / The Three Snake-Leaves (Die drei Schlangenblätter)

22 / The Riddle (Das Rätsel)

25 / The Seven Ravens (Die sieben Raben)

28 / The Singing Bone (Der singende Knochen)
29 / The Devil with the Three Golden Hairs (Der Teufel mit den drei goldenen Haaren)
30 / Little Louse and Little Flea (Läuschen und Flöhchen)
31 / The Girl without Hands (Das Mädchen ohne Hände)

33 / The Three Languages (Die drei Sprachen)

35 / The Tailor in Heaven (Der Schneider im Himmel)

42 / The Godfather (Der Herr Gevatter)
43 / Frau Trude (Frau Trude)
44 / Godfather Death (Der Gevatter Tod)

46 / Fitcher's Bird [Fowler's Fowl] (Fitchers Vogel)

51 / Foundling-Bird (Fundevogel)

60 / The Two Brothers (Die zwei Brüder)

63 / The Three Feathers (Die drei Federn)

65 / Allerleirauh [All-Kinds-Of-Fur] (Allerleirauh)

67 / The Twelve Huntsmen (Die zwölf Jäger)
68 / The Thief and His Master (De Gaudeif un sien Meester)
69 / Jorinde and Joringel (Jorinde und Joringel)

71 / How Six Men Got On in the World (Sechse kommen durch die ganze Welt)
72 / The Wolf and the Man (Der Wolf und der Mensch)
73 / The Wolf and the Fox (Der Wolf und der Fuchs)
74 / The Fox and His Cousin (Der Fuchs und die Frau Gevatterin)
75 / The Fox and the Cat (Der Fuchs und die Katze)
76 / The Pink (Die Nelke)

78 / The Old Man and His Grandson (Der alte Gro&sxlig;vater und der Enkel)
79 / The Water-Nix (Die Wassernixe)

81 / Brother Lustig (Bruder Lustig)
82 / Gambling Hansel (De Spielhansl)

84 / Hans Married (Hans heiratet)
85 / The Gold-Children (Die Goldkinder)
86 / The Fox and the Geese (Der Fuchs und die Gänse)
87 / The Poor Man and the Rich Man (Der Arme und der Reiche)
88 / The Singing, Springing Lark (Das singende springende Löweneckerchen)

90 / The Young Giant (Der junge Riese)
91 / The Gnome (Dat Erdmänneken)
92 / The King of the Golden Mountain (Der König vom goldenen Berg)

94 / The Peasant's Clever Daughter (Die kluge Bauerntochter)
95 / Old Hildebrand (Der alte Hildebrand)
96 / The Three Little Birds (De drei Vügelkens)
97 / The Water of Life (Das Wasser des Lebens)
98 / Dr. Know-All (Doktor Allwissend)
99 / The Spirit in the Bottle (Der Geist im Glas)
100 / The Devil's Sooty Brother (Des Teufels rußiger Bruder)
101 / Bearskin (Der Bärenhäuter)
102 / The Willow-Wren and the Bear (Der Zaunkönig und der Bär)
103 / Sweet Porridge (Der süße Brei)
104 / Wise Folks (Die klugen Leute)
105 / Stories about Snakes (Märchen von der Unke)
106 / The Poor Miller's Boy and the Cat (Der arme Müllerbursch und das Kätzchen)
107 / The Two Travellers (Die beiden Wanderer)
108 / Hans the Hedgehog (Hans mein Igel)
109 / The Shroud (Das Totenhemdchen)
110 / The Jew among Thorns (Der Jude im Dorn)
111 / The Skilful Huntsman (Der gelernte Jäger)
112 / The Flail from Heaven (Der Dreschflegel vom Himmel)
113 / The Two Kings' Children (De beiden Künigeskinner)
114 / The Cunning Little Tailor (Vom klugen Schneiderlein)
115 / The Bright Sun Brings It to Light (Die klare Sonne bringt's an den Tag)
116 / The Blue Light (Das blaue Licht)
117 / The Wilful Child (Das eigensinnige Kind)
118 / The Three Army Surgeons (Die drei Feldscherer)
119 / The Seven Swabians (Die sieben Schwaben)
120 / The Three Apprentices (Die drei Handwerksburschen)
121 / The King's Son Who Feared Nothing (Der Königssohn, der sich vor nichts fürchtet)
122 / Donkey Cabbages (Der Krautesel)
123 / The Old Woman in the Wood (Die Alte im Wald)
124 / The Three Brothers (Die drei Brüder)
125 / The Devil and His Grandmother (Der Teufel und seine Großmutter)
126 / Ferdinand the Faithful (Ferenand getrü un Ferenand ungetrü)
127 / The Iron Stove (Der Eisenofen)
128 / The Lazy Spinner (Die faule Spinnerin)
129 / The Four Skilful Brothers (Die vier kunstreichen Brüder)
130 / One-Eye, Two-Eyes, and Three-Eyes (Einäuglein, Zweiäuglein und Dreiäuglein)
131 / Fair Katrinelje and Pif Paf Poltrie (Die schöne Katrinelje und Pif Paf Poltrie)
132 / The Fox and the Horse (Der Fuchs und das Pferd)
133 / The Shoes that Were Danced to Pieces (Die zertanzten Schuhe)
134 / The Six Servants (Die sechs Diener)
135 / The White Bride and the Black One (Die weiße und die schwarze Braut)
136 / Iron John (Der Eisenhans)
137 / The Three Black Princesses (De drei schwatten Prinzessinnen)
138 / Knoist and His Three Sons (Knoist un sine dre Sühne)
139 / The Maid of Brakel (Dat Mäken von Brakel)
140 / Domestic Servants (Das Hausgesinde)
141 / The Lambkin and the Little Fish (Das Lämmchen und Fischchen)
142 / Simeli Mountain (Simeliberg)
143 / Going A-Travelling (Up Reisen gohn)
144 / The Donkey (Das Eselein)
145 / The Ungrateful Son (Der undankbare Sohn)
146 / The Turnip (Die Rübe)
147 / The Old Man Made Young Again (Das junggeglühte Männlein)
148 / The Lord's Animals and the Devil's (Des Herrn und des Teufels Getier)
149 / The Beam (Der Hahnenbalken
150 / The Old Beggar-Woman (Die alte Bettelfrau)
151 / The Three Sluggards (Die drei Faulen)
151* / The Twelve Idle Servants (Die zwölf faulen Knechte)
152 / The Shepherd Boy (Das Hirtenbüblein)
153 / The Star-Money (Die Sterntaler)
154 / The Stolen Farthings (Der gestohlene Heller)
155 / Brides on their Trial (Die Brautschau)
156 / Odds and Ends (Die Schlickerlinge)
157 / The Sparrow and His Four Children (Der Sperling und seine vier Kinder)
158 / The Story of Schlauraffen Land [The Tale of Cockaigne] (Das Märchen vom Schlauraffenland)
159 / The Ditmarsh Tale of Wonders (Das Diethmarsische Lügenmärchen)
160 / A Riddling Tale (Rätselmärchen)
161 / Snow-White and Rose-Red (Schneeweißchen und Rosenrot)
162 / The Wise Servant (Der kluge Knecht)
163 / The Glass Coffin (Der gläserne Sarg)
164 / Lazy Harry (Der faule Heinz)
165 / The Griffin (Der Vogel Greif)
166 / Strong Hans (Der starke Hans)
167 / The Peasant in Heaven (Das Bürle im Himmel)
168 / Lean Lisa (Die hagere Liese)
169 / The Hut in the Forest (Das Waldhaus)
170 / Sharing Joy and Sorrow (Lieb und Leid teilen)
171 / The Willow-Wren (Der Zaunkönig)
172 / The Sole [The Flounder] (Die Scholle)
173 / The Bittern and Hoopoe (Rohrdommel und Wiedehopf)
174 / The Owl (Die Eule)
175 / The Moon (Der Mond)
176 / The Duration of Life (Die Lebenszeit)
177 / Death's Messengers (Die Boten des Todes)
178 / Master Pfriem (Meister Pfriem)
179 / The Goose-Girl at the Well (Die Gänsehirtin am Brunnen)
180 / Eve's Various Children (Die ungleichen Kinder Evas)
181 / The Nixie of the Mill-Pond (Die Nixe im Teich)
182 / The Little Folks' Presents (Die Geschenke des kleinen Volkes)
183 / The Giant and the Tailor (Der Riese und der Schneider)
184 / The Nail (Der Nagel)
185 / The Poor Boy in the Grave (Der arme Junge im Grab)
186 / The True Sweetheart [The True Bride] (Die wahre Braut)
187 / The Hare and the Hedgehog (Der Hase und der Igel)
188 / The Spindle, the Shuttle, and the Needle (Spindel, Weberschiffchen und Nadel)
189 / The Peasant and the Devil (Der Bauer und der Teufel)
190 / The Crumbs on the Table (Die Brosamen auf dem Tisch)
191 / The Sea-Hare (Das Meerhäschen)
192 / The Master Thief (Der Meisterdieb)
193 / The Drummer (Der Trommler)
194 / The Ear of Corn (Die Kornähre)
195 / The Grave Mound (Der Grabhügel)
196 / Old Rinkrank (Oll Rinkrank)
197 / The Crystal Ball (Die Kristallkugel)
198 / Maid Maleen (Jungfrau Maleen)
199 / The Boot of Buffalo Leather (Der Stiefel von Büffelleder)
200 / The Golden Key (Der goldene Schlüssel)

Children's Legends

Legend 1 / St. Joseph in the Forest (Der heilige Joseph im Walde)
Legend 2 / The Twelve Apostles (Die zwölf Apostel)
Legend 3 / The Rose (Die Rose)
Legend 4 / Poverty and Humility Lead to Heaven (Armut und Demut führen zum Himmel)
Legend 5 / God's Food (Gottes Speise)
Legend 6 / The Three Green Twigs (Die drei grünen Zweige)
Legend 7 / Our Lady's Little Glass (Muttergottesgläschen)
Legend 8 / The Aged Mother (Die alte Mütterchen)
Legend 9 / The Heavenly Wedding (Die himmlische Hochzeit)
Legend 10 / The Hazel Branch (Die Haselrute)